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Related Concept Videos

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

A Microfluidic System with Surface Patterning for Investigating Cavitation Bubble(s)–Cell Interaction and the Resultant Bioeffects at the Single-cell Level
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Sonoporation from jetting cavitation bubbles.

Claus-Dieter Ohl1, Manish Arora, Roy Ikink

  • 1Faculty of Science and Technology, Physics of Fluids, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands. c.d.ohl@tnw.utwente.nl

Biophysical Journal
|September 5, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Nonspherical cavitation bubble collapse near boundaries causes cell detachment. This fluid dynamic interaction leads to cell membrane poration (sonoporation) and potential molecule delivery, as revealed by high-speed photography and fluid dynamics modeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Cell biology
  • Acoustics

Background:

  • Cavitation bubbles are known to generate significant forces upon collapse.
  • Understanding bubble-cell interactions is crucial for biomedical applications, such as ultrasound-mediated drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the fluid dynamic interaction of cavitation bubbles with adherent cells.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of cell detachment and membrane poration induced by bubble collapse.
  • To model the fluid flow responsible for cell detachment.

Main Methods:

  • High-speed photography to capture bubble collapse dynamics near cells.
  • Experimental investigation of cell detachment and membrane poration.
  • Modeling of wall-bounded flow using a self-similar solution for a wall jet.
  • Kinetic modeling of adhesive bond rupture.

Main Results:

  • Nonspherical bubble collapse near a boundary is the primary cause of cell detachment.
  • Wall-bounded flow, characterized as a wall jet, drives cell detachment.
  • Cells at the edge of detachment sites experience permanent poration, while others undergo viable cell membrane poration (sonoporation).
  • Homogeneous patterns of molecule delivery without cell detachment were also observed.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a detailed understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying cavitation-induced cell manipulation.
  • The findings are relevant for optimizing ultrasound-based therapies for targeted molecule delivery and cell treatment.
  • The developed fluid dynamics model accurately predicts cell detachment phenomena.