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Declining estimates of infertility in the United States: 1982-2002
Elizabeth Hervey Stephen1, Anjani Chandra
1School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA. stepheel@georgetown.edu
Objective:
To determine if the decline in infertility has been uniform across subgroups.
Design:
Periodic data from the National Fertility Survey and the National Survey of Family Growth were used to determine which factors contributed to the decline in 12-month infertility in the United States.
Setting:
National Survey of Family Growth, a periodic US nationally representative study.
Patient(S):
A nationally representative sample of married women aged 15-44 years, N = 15,303 for pooled data across 4 survey years.
Intervention(S):
None.
Main Outcome Measure(S):
Estimates of infertility prevalence among married women aged 15-44 years.
Result(S):
The decline in 12-month infertility in the United States from 8.5% in 1982 and 7.4% in 2002 was significant. This decline was evident in nearly all subgroups of married women. In the multivariate analysis, 12-month infertility was more likely among women who were older and nulliparous, were non-Hispanic black or Hispanic, and did not have a college degree. The decline in 12-month infertility was observed even after controlling for the compositional differences of the population over time.
Conclusion(S):
Among married women in the United States, there has been a significant decline in 12-month infertility, which cannot be explained by changes in the composition of the population from 1982-2002.
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