Plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 level is correlated with left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in patients

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography
08:13

In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography

Published on: February 16, 2016

Andrew T Yan1, Raymond T Yan, Francis G Spinale

  • 1Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Cardiac Failure
|September 6, 2006
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in heart failure (HF) patients correlate with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and worsening heart function. Monitoring MMP-9 may offer prognostic insights into adverse ventricular remodeling.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) influence myocardial extracellular matrix, contributing to adverse ventricular remodeling in heart failure (HF).
  • Increased plasma MMP levels are hypothesized to correlate with elevated left ventricular (LV) volumes and reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in HF patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between plasma MMP levels and LV remodeling parameters in HF patients.
  • To determine if MMP levels predict changes in LV function over time.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plasma MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels in 184 HF patients from the RESOLVD trial.
  • Measurement of LV volumes (EDV, ESV) and LVEF using radionuclide angiography at baseline and 43 weeks.
  • Correlation and multivariable analyses to assess relationships between MMP levels and LV function.

Main Results:

  • Baseline MMP-9 positively correlated with end-systolic volume (ESV) and negatively with LVEF.
  • MMP-2 levels increased over 43 weeks, while MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels did not change significantly overall.
  • Temporal changes in MMP-9 inversely correlated with changes in LVEF; lower MMP-9 change predicted LVEF improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated plasma MMP-9 levels are associated with lower LVEF and higher ESV in HF patients.
  • Increasing MMP-9 levels correlate with concurrent deterioration of LV function.
  • Plasma MMP markers may provide prognostic information regarding adverse LV remodeling in HF.

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM

Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult body.
A...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...