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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
Published on: January 31, 2025
Management of thyroid disorders
L D K E Premawardhana1, J H Lazarus
1Department of Medicine, Caerphilly Miners' Hospital, Caerphilly, UK. Ldke.Premawardhana@gwent.wales.nhs.uk
Abstract:
Autoimmune thyroid disease is the predominant form of thyroid dysfunction in the developed world. Although its precise cause is currently unclear, principles of management have been established. There is a vigorous debate about the management of the increasingly commonly recognised subclinical forms of thyroid dysfunction despite recent recommendations. Nodular thyroid disease and thyroid carcinoma have received wide attention. The effects of drugs and pregnancy on thyroid function have also been investigated widely. This short review attempts to give an overview and clarify the current management of common thyroid disorders.
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