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Mentoring in academic medicine: a systematic review
Dario Sambunjak1, Sharon E Straus, Ana Marusić
1Croatian Medical Journal, Zagreb, Croatia.
JAMA
|September 7, 2006
Summary
Mentoring is valued in academic medicine, but evidence for its impact is limited. More rigorous studies are needed to support evidence-based mentoring recommendations for career development.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Career Development
- Mentorship Studies
Background:
- Mentorship is crucial for professional growth in academic medicine.
- Faculty face competing demands, necessitating evaluation of mentoring's value.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review evidence on mentorship prevalence.
- To examine the relationship between mentorship and career development in medicine.
Main Methods:
- Searched multiple databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, etc.) up to May 2006.
- Included studies on mentoring's effect on career choices and advancement.
- No restrictions on study methods or language.
Main Results:
- 39 studies were reviewed; most were cross-sectional surveys with limitations.
- Mentorship prevalence was low (<50% students, <20% faculty in some fields).
- Women reported more difficulty finding mentors; mentorship influenced career and productivity.
Conclusions:
- Mentorship is perceived as vital in academic medicine, but supporting evidence is weak.
- Evidence-based recommendations require more rigorous, cross-disciplinary studies.
- Further research should address contextual factors in medical mentoring.
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