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A low-cost, MR-compatible olfactometer.

Steven B Lowen1, Scott E Lukas

  • 1McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA. lowen@mclean.harvard.edu

Behavior Research Methods
|September 8, 2006
PubMed
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We designed a low-cost olfactometer for fMRI studies that delivers odors via nasal cannula. This device reliably presents scents, with performance improving at higher flow rates.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research requires precise control over sensory stimuli.
  • Existing olfactometers can be expensive and cumbersome, posing challenges for fMRI integration.
  • There is a need for cost-effective and minimally invasive odor delivery systems for neuroimaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate an extremely low-cost olfactometer suitable for fMRI experiments.
  • To enable unobtrusive odor presentation directly to the subject's nose.
  • To offer flexible control options (manual or computer-based).

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel, low-cost olfactometer design.
  • Utilized a nasal cannula for direct odor delivery at low flow velocities.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Implemented manual and serial interface (computer) control capabilities.
  • Conducted a validation study to assess odor presentation reliability and performance.

    • Main Results:

    • The designed olfactometer is constructible at extremely low cost.
    • Odor presentation is direct via nasal cannula, minimizing subject-face apparatus.
    • The system demonstrated reliable odor delivery in a validation study.
    • Error rates and response latency improved with increased flow rates, as predicted.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed olfactometer offers a viable, cost-effective solution for odor presentation in fMRI.
    • Its design facilitates unobtrusive stimulus delivery and reliable experimental control.
    • This innovation can broaden the accessibility of olfactory fMRI research.