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Related Concept Videos

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
Selectins01:25

Selectins

Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Endothelial Cell-cell Junctions During Neutrophil Transmigration Under Physiological Flow
11:26

Real-time Imaging of Endothelial Cell-cell Junctions During Neutrophil Transmigration Under Physiological Flow

Published on: August 14, 2014

Endothelial signalling events during leukocyte transmigration.

Peter L Hordijk1

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. p.hordijk@sanquin.nl

The FEBS Journal
|September 8, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Leukocyte transendothelial migration involves complex signaling pathways within endothelial cells. Understanding these pathways is crucial for regulating immune cell movement and inflammatory responses.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Real-time Imaging of Endothelial Cell-cell Junctions During Neutrophil Transmigration Under Physiological Flow
11:26

Real-time Imaging of Endothelial Cell-cell Junctions During Neutrophil Transmigration Under Physiological Flow

Published on: August 14, 2014

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
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A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

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Analyzing the Effects of Stromal Cells on the Recruitment of Leukocytes from Flow
11:30

Analyzing the Effects of Stromal Cells on the Recruitment of Leukocytes from Flow

Published on: January 7, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Endothelial Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Leukocyte transendothelial migration is essential for immune responses.
  • Endothelial cells play a critical role in regulating leukocyte passage.
  • Signaling events within endothelial cells mediate leukocyte adhesion and migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the regulation of leukocyte transmigration.
  • To discuss the signaling mechanisms involved in leukocyte migration through endothelial cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on leukocyte transendothelial migration.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways in endothelial cells during leukocyte adhesion and migration.

Main Results:

  • Leukocyte migration involves distinct paracellular and transcellular routes.
  • Paracellular migration requires intracellular calcium, actin cytoskeleton, small GTPases, reactive oxygen species, and protein kinases.
  • Transcellular migration involves caveolae and intermediate filaments.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial cell signaling orchestrates leukocyte migration through various molecular components.
  • Understanding these signaling networks is key to modulating immune cell trafficking.