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Predicting post-traumatic stress disorder: validation of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire in victims of assault
James T R Walters1, Jonathan I Bisson, Jonathan P Shepherd
1Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, Monmouth House, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
Background:
No accurate means of determining which individuals will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following a traumatic event has yet been identified. This study aimed to determine the validity of the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) in predicting the development of PTSD following assault.
Method:
Five hundred and sixty-two individuals who presented to an emergency unit following assault completed the TSQ between 1 and 3 weeks later. The Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) was completed by the same individuals at 1 month and 6 months following assault to determine the presence of PTSD. The predictive power of the TSQ was determined by statistical tests.
Results:
The TSQ was an effective means of predicting future PTSD, with a sensitivity of 0.85, specificity 0.89, negative predictive value (NPV) 0.98 and efficiency 0.90. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lower (0.48), probably as a result of the relatively low prevalence of PTSD at 1 month (11%) and 6 months (8%) following the assault.
Conclusions:
This study suggests that the TSQ can be used between 1 and 3 weeks after assault to help identify individuals who will develop PTSD.
