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Related Concept Videos

Types of Selection01:46

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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
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Prospecting Microbial Strains for Bioremediation and Probiotics Development for Metaorganism Research and Preservation
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Negative environmental perturbations may improve species persistence.

Alexandre Robert1

  • 1UMR 5173 MNHN-CNRS, Conservation des Espèces, Restauration et Suivi des Populations, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon 75005 Paris, France. aroobert@mnhn.fr

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental stress can paradoxically aid species survival. Negative environmental changes may improve the long-term persistence of small populations facing genetic deterioration and inbreeding depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Small isolated populations face extinction risks from genetic deterioration and environmental variation.
  • Previous models treated these threats separately, but empirical studies show inbreeding depression exacerbates environmental stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stochastic model examining how environmental perturbations affect the persistence of populations with inbreeding depression and mutation accumulation.
  • To investigate the paradoxical effects of negative environmental changes on species survival.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a stochastic model incorporating inbreeding depression and mutation accumulation.
  • Assumed deleterious mutations have more severe effects during environmental perturbations, aiding mutation load purging.

Main Results:

  • Negative environmental perturbations can paradoxically improve middle- and long-term species persistence.
  • This effect is dependent on the realistic frequency and severity distribution of perturbations.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental variation and genetic factors interact dynamically, influencing population viability.
  • Conservation strategies may need to consider the complex interplay between environmental stress and genetic health for species persistence.