Temporal variations at the onset of spontaneous acute aortic dissection

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Ratko M Lasica1, Jovan Perunicic, Igor Mrdovic

  • 1Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.

International Heart Journal
|September 9, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) shows distinct daily, seasonal, and monthly patterns. Peaks occur in the morning and winter, suggesting timing interventions for hypertension management may prevent AAD.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Chronobiology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Few studies have investigated the chronobiology of acute aortic dissection (AAD).
  • Existing research is primarily international and multicentered.
  • Understanding temporal patterns of AAD is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the daily, monthly, and seasonal occurrence of AAD.
  • To identify peak incidence periods for AAD.
  • To correlate AAD occurrence with circadian and seasonal variations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 204 AAD patients treated at a single center (1998-2004).
  • Statistical analysis of AAD onset based on time of day, day of week, month, and season.
  • Correlation of findings with known cardiovascular disease chronobiology.

Main Results:

  • AAD showed a significant circadian variation, peaking between 9:00 AM and 10:00 AM.
  • A higher frequency of AAD occurred between 6:00 AM and 12:00 noon.
  • AAD incidence was significantly higher in winter, with peaks in January and February.
  • No significant day-of-week variation was observed, though Mondays and Wednesdays were most frequent.

Conclusions:

  • AAD exhibits significant circadian and seasonal variations, similar to other cardiovascular diseases.
  • Vulnerable periods for AAD onset include mornings and winter months.
  • Tailoring hypertension treatment during these high-risk periods may aid in AAD prevention.

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