Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging
Published on: November 24, 2021
Influence of terminal branching on the transdermal permeation-enhancing activity in fatty alcohols and acids
Jana Klimentová1, Petr Kosák, Katerina Vávrová
1Research Center for New Antivirals and Antineoplastics 1M0508, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic.
Abstract:
In order to investigate the effect of terminal chain branching in the skin permeation enhancers, seven alcohols and seven acids with the chain length of 8-12 carbons and terminal methyl or ethyl branching were prepared. Their transdermal permeation-enhancing activities were evaluated in vitro using theophylline as a model permeant and porcine skin, and compared to those of the linear standards. Terminal methyl branching increased the enhancing activity only in 12C acid, no effect was seen in the shorter ones. Terminal ethyl however produced a significant increase in activity. In the alcohols, the branching was likely to change the mode of action, due to a different relationship between the activity and the chain length.
More Related Videos
10:33A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates
Published on: February 23, 2018
09:44Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
Published on: September 26, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Tissue Permeability
Small molecules with a molecular weight below 500 to 600 Daltons can easily pass through the capillary membrane, gaining access to different tissues. Larger...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry
Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols
Alcohols possess a higher boiling point than aliphatic hydrocarbons of similar...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles in drug...
Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids