High maneuverability guidewire with functionally graded properties using new superelastic alloys

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Engineering
• Materials Science
• Medical Devices

Background:

• Nitinol shape memory alloys (SMAs) are used in medical guidewires for flexibility but lack rigidity.
• Current guidewires made of Nitinol or stainless steel have limitations in pushability, torquability, or susceptibility to plastic deformation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop advanced superelastic guidewires with functionally graded properties.
• To overcome the limitations of existing guidewire materials like Nitinol and stainless steel.

Main Methods:

• Development of new SMA core materials, including Cu-Al-Mn-based and Ni-free Ti-Mo-Sn SMAs.
• Implementation of microstructural control to achieve functionally graded properties from tip to end.
• Introduction of Ni-free Ti-based SMA for metallic catheters with high biocompatibility.

Main Results:

• The new guidewires exhibit excellent superelasticity at the tip and high rigidity in the body.
• Functionally graded guidewires demonstrate superior pushability and torquability.
• These guidewires are easier to handle than conventional Nitinol or stainless steel guidewires.

Conclusions:

• Functionally graded SMAs offer a promising solution for enhancing medical guidewire performance.
• Ni-free Ti-based SMAs present a biocompatible alternative for medical applications.
• The developed guidewires significantly improve handling and procedural efficiency in medical interventions.