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Neocortical atrophy, third ventricular width, and cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.

Ralph H B Benedict1, Jared M Bruce, Michael G Dwyer

  • 1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 100 High Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA. benedict@buffalo.edu

Archives of Neurology
|September 13, 2006
PubMed
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Neocortical volume correlates with cognitive function in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, third ventricular width on MRI was a better predictor of cognitive impairment and MS disease course.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Cognitive dysfunction is a prevalent issue in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Existing research indicates correlations between brain atrophy and neuropsychological test outcomes in MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether neocortical volume is a superior or supplementary predictor of neuropsychological impairment compared to third ventricular width and other MRI measures.
  • To assess the utility of neocortical volume in predicting cognitive deficits in individuals with MS.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university MS clinic.
  • Participants included 77 patients with relapsing-remitting MS, 42 with secondary progressive MS, and 27 healthy controls.
  • Brain atrophy and lesion burden were assessed via MRI; a subset of patients and all controls underwent neuropsychological testing.

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Main Results:

  • Secondary progressive MS patients exhibited greater atrophy than relapsing-remitting MS patients and controls.
  • Neocortical volume showed significant correlations with all neuropsychological measures (r values from 0.29 to 0.58).
  • Third ventricular width was consistently selected in regression analyses predicting cognitive impairment and differentiating MS subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between neocortical volume and multiple cognitive domains in MS.
  • Neocortical volume did not explain substantially more variance in cognitive function than other MRI measures.
  • Third ventricular width emerged as a key MRI predictor in regression models for MS cognitive impairment.