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Research methods of inquiry.

Joel Rodgers1, Russell Foushee, Thomas E Terndrup

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th Street South, JT 243-A, Birmingham, AL 35249-7013, USA. jrodgers@uabmc.edu

Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
|September 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Specialized research methods are essential for studying unpredictable surge incidents. Literature review and expert consensus identified promising approaches like simulation experiments and validated surveys for reliable, generalizable findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Public Health Research Methods

Background:

  • Traditional clinical research methods face challenges in surge incident research due to unpredictability, varied consequences, and heterogeneous human behavior.
  • Resource prioritization during surge events often limits data collection capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and identify effective research methodologies for studying significant consequence incidents that create surge.
  • To guide methodologists and research scientists in selecting appropriate designs for surge research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review.
  • Expert panel discussion at a journal's consensus conference.
  • Iterative development of research method recommendations.

Main Results:

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  • Case-control, post-incident survey methods, and ethnographical designs show some reliability and generalizability in current literature.
  • Validated simulation experiments and survey methods with representative populations show promise for future surge research.

Conclusions:

  • Quasi-experimental designs and case-control studies are recommended for recurrent high-consequence incidents.
  • Collaboration among emergency physicians, critical care physicians, simulation engineers, cost economists, and sociobehavioral methodologists is crucial for effective surge research.