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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...

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Obstructive uropathy in Sudanese patients.

M El Imam1, M Omran, F Nugud

  • 1Department of Surgery, Gezira University, P.O. Box 20, Medani, Sudan. mohammedimam@hotmail.com

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation : an Official Publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
|September 15, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive uropathy in Sudan affects many patients, often presenting with chronic issues and significant renal impairment. Early management leads to good recovery, with a low mortality rate.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obstructive uropathy is a significant health concern.
  • Understanding its epidemiology in specific populations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes, presentation patterns, and management outcomes of obstructive uropathy in Sudanese patients.
  • To analyze the impact of obstructive uropathy on renal function and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective multi-center audit of 520 patients diagnosed with obstructive uropathy in 2005.
  • Inclusion of serial investigations: imaging and renal function tests.
  • Management strategies included diversion, stenting, and/or definitive surgery.

Main Results:

  • 345 (66%) patients had chronic obstruction, 175 (34%) acute.
  • 210 (40%) patients had significant renal impairment; 50 required emergent dialysis.
  • Common causes: congenital urethral valves, pelvi-ureteral junction obstruction, urolithiasis, iatrogenic trauma.
  • Complete renal function recovery in acute cases (100%), stabilization in chronic cases (90%).
  • Low mortality rate (<0.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive uropathy presents diverse etiological factors and clinical manifestations in Sudan.
  • Timely intervention is key to preserving renal function and improving outcomes.
  • The study highlights the importance of addressing iatrogenic causes, particularly in obstetric care.