[Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)]

Changes in mineral and bone metabolism are prevalent in chronic kidney disease. There are several types of renal bone disease, called 'renal osteodystrophy (ROD)'. ROD includes osteitis fibrosa, osteomalacia, adynamic bone disorder, and mixed osteodystrophy. Osteitis fibrosa is high turnover bone due to secondary hyperparathyroidism. Osteomalacia is low turnover bone concomitant of increased osteoid. Adynamic bone disorder is low turnover bone due to excessive suppression of the parathyroid glands and recently represents the major bone lesion in dialysis patients. More recently, the term 'Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder(CKD-MBD)' was proposed to describe the clinical syndrome that develops as a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism due to chronic kidney disease such as vascular calcification.