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Published on: June 28, 2018
Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the antitumor activity of bleomycin
1Laboratory of Theoretical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.
Abstract:
The effect of bleomycin (BLM) on the growth of the tumor, murine B16 melanoma, implanted onto the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo was examined. The inhibition ratio of BLM was about 30% at 3 micrograms/egg. This inhibitory effect of BLM on the growth of the tumor was enhanced by an appropriate dose of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The inhibition ratios of BLM irradiated for 10, 30 and 60 min were in order of about 50, 30 and 30% at 3 micrograms/egg. However, when these BLMs pretreated with 1 mM 1,2-benzenediol (catechol) were administrated, the inhibition ratios of BLM irradiated for 0, 10, 30 and 60 min were about 30, 20, 10 and 10%, respectively. On the other hand, the direct cytotoxicity of BLM to cultured murine B16 melanoma cells was depressed with UV irradiation and its toxic activity was further decreased by treatment with catechol after irradiation. These findings show that, although the antitumor activity of BLM is enhanced by UV irradiation, the activity of UV-irradiated BLM is inhibited by catechol. Moreover, it seems to show that the present results may provide a useful manner for the in vivo activation of BLM.
Insights
Bleomycin (BLM) shows antitumor effects against melanoma, enhanced by UV irradiation. However, catechol pretreatment reduces UV-irradiated BLM
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Bleomycin (BLM) is a chemotherapy agent used to treat various cancers.
- The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chick embryos provides a model for studying tumor growth and anti-cancer drug efficacy.
- Understanding drug interactions and modifications is crucial for optimizing cancer therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the combined effect of bleomycin (BLM) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on the growth of murine B16 melanoma in a chick embryo model.
- To evaluate the impact of catechol pretreatment on the efficacy of UV-irradiated BLM.
- To assess the direct cytotoxicity of BLM and UV-irradiated BLM on cultured melanoma cells.
Main Methods:
- Murine B16 melanoma cells were implanted onto the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos.
- Tumor growth inhibition was measured after treatment with BLM, UV-irradiated BLM, and BLM pretreated with catechol.
- Direct cytotoxicity assays were performed on cultured B16 melanoma cells.
Main Results:
- Bleomycin (BLM) inhibited tumor growth by approximately 30% at a dose of 3 micrograms/egg.
- UV irradiation enhanced the antitumor activity of BLM, with inhibition ratios of about 50% after 10 minutes of irradiation.
- Catechol pretreatment significantly reduced the antitumor activity of UV-irradiated BLM, and also decreased the direct cytotoxicity of BLM to melanoma cells.
Conclusions:
- UV irradiation can enhance the in vivo antitumor activity of bleomycin (BLM).
- Catechol inhibits the activity of UV-irradiated BLM, both in vivo and in vitro.
- These findings suggest a potential method for the in vivo activation of BLM, with implications for cancer treatment strategies.
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