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Policy and practice in Myanmar's protected area system.

¹Nature and Wildlife Conservation Division (NWCD), West Gyogone, Insein, Yangon, Myanmar. tdksicas@yangon.net.mm

Journal of Environmental Management

|September 19, 2006

Summary

Myanmar

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Area of Science:

Conservation Biology
Environmental Management
Biodiversity Protection

Background:

Myanmar's protected area (PA) system has a long history, with legislation developed sporadically over time.
The Nature & Wildlife Conservation Division was established in 1985, leading to an increase in the number of parks.
Current PA policies and management practices are insufficient for effective conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the status and effectiveness of Myanmar's protected area system.
To identify key challenges and under-represented ecosystems within the PA network.
To recommend actions for improving PA management and conservation outcomes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of existing legislation and park data.
Assessment of PA size, habitat representation, and effective coverage.
Evaluation of management capacity, including staffing, training, and funding.

Main Results:

Myanmar's PA system is characterized by small park sizes and unequal ecosystem representation.
Effective PA coverage is only 2.1%, with significant under-representation of key bio-units.
Inadequate funding, limited staff training, and short posting durations hinder effective park management.

Conclusions:

Myanmar's protected areas require policy reform, increased habitat representation, and improved management planning.
Enhanced law enforcement, leadership training, and community engagement are crucial for effective conservation.
Sustainable funding mechanisms and partnerships are essential for the long-term viability of Myanmar's protected areas.

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