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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:30

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Modeling Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury in Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells
06:23

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Published on: November 21, 2025

Oxidative status in stable renal transplantation.

M Minz1, M Heer, S Arora

  • 1Department of Transplant Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Transplantation Proceedings
|September 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Kidney transplant recipients show higher homocysteine and nitric oxide levels, indicating increased oxidative stress. However, their antioxidant capacity may also be enhanced, suggesting a complex metabolic adaptation post-transplant.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is linked to oxidative stress and hyperhomocysteinemia.
  • The impact of kidney transplantation on oxidative status remains unclear.
  • Living donor renal transplant recipients (RTR) offer a model to study these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence and severity of oxidative stress in RTR.
  • To evaluate markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity post-transplantation.
  • To understand the interplay between immunosuppression and metabolic changes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 35 RTR on cyclosporine-based immunosuppression.
  • Measurement of serum nitric oxide (NO), plasma total homocysteine (tHCy), and malonaldehyde (MDA).
  • Assessment of antioxidant power using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay.

Main Results:

  • RTR had significantly higher mean tHCy (15.29 ± 0.66 mmol/L) versus controls (9.58 ± 2.90 mmol/L).
  • Mean NO levels were significantly elevated in RTR (545.01 ± 281.49 nmol/mL) compared to controls (183.49 ± 64.53 nmol/mL).
  • MDA levels were comparable, while FRAP showed a trend towards higher antioxidant status in RTR.

Conclusions:

  • Stable RTR exhibit increased oxidative stress, evidenced by elevated tHCy and NO.
  • Enhanced antioxidant mechanisms may counterbalance the heightened oxidant stress.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the long-term implications of these findings.