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Hypertension in Cushing's syndrome
Maria Alexandra Magiakou1, Penelope Smyrnaki, George P Chrousos
1Unit of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece. mmayakou@med.uoa.gr
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|September 19, 2006
Summary
Cushing's syndrome often causes hypertension due to excess cortisol. While surgery can resolve this, targeted treatments for Cushing's-specific hypertension are needed for persistent cases.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Nephrology
Background:
- Cushing's syndrome, characterized by excess glucocorticoids, frequently presents with hypertension.
- Hypertension affects approximately 80% of adult and nearly half of pediatric patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome.
- Pathophysiological mechanisms involve increased plasma volume, vascular resistance, and cardiac output.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced hypertension in Cushing's syndrome.
- To review current and necessary therapeutic strategies for managing hypertension in Cushing's syndrome.
- To highlight the need for specific interventions to normalize blood pressure and reduce associated morbidity.
Main Methods:
- Review of pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome.
- Discussion of surgical and medical management of Cushing's syndrome.
- Analysis of therapeutic strategies for Cushing's-specific hypertension.
Main Results:
- Hypertension is a hallmark of Cushing's syndrome, driven by multiple factors.
- Surgical removal of the cause is the primary treatment, often resolving hypertension.
- Persistent or prolonged hypertension necessitates specific therapeutic approaches.
Conclusions:
- Effective management of Cushing's syndrome typically improves hypertension.
- Specific strategies are crucial for patients with persistent or prolonged hypertension.
- Addressing Cushing's-specific hypertension is vital for reducing long-term complications.
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