Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...

Histology of the Small Intestine

Histology of the Small Intestine

The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...

Adult Stem Cells

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Integrating the Patient Perspective to Validate a Measure of Disease Severity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Online Survey of Patients and Their Physicians.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2024

Same author

Hypoxia Reduces the Transcription of Fibrotic Markers in the Intestinal Mucosa.

Inflammatory intestinal diseases·2021

Same author

Depressive Symptoms Predict Clinical Recurrence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2021

Same author

Filgotinib as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (SELECTION): a phase 2b/3 double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Lancet (London, England)·2021

Same author

Type D personality is associated with depressive symptoms and clinical activity in inflammatory bowel disease.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2021

Same author

Clinical Relevance of Anti-TNF Antibody Trough Levels and Anti-Drug Antibodies in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Inflammatory intestinal diseases·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Published on: June 24, 2019

IL-15 protects intestinal epithelial cells.

Florian Obermeier¹, Martin Hausmann, Silvia Kellermeier

¹Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. florian.obermeier@klinik.uni-regensburg.de

European Journal of Immunology

|September 19, 2006

Summary

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) blockade worsens colitis by increasing epithelial damage and apoptosis. However, IL-15 also protects intestinal epithelial cells from apoptosis, suggesting a dual role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

More Related Videos

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Published on: July 27, 2022

Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses

Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses

Published on: July 13, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Published on: June 24, 2019

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Intestinal Epithelial Regeneration in Response to Ionizing Irradiation

Published on: July 27, 2022

Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses

Improved Swiss-rolling Technique for Intestinal Tissue Preparation for Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescent Analyses

Published on: July 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Gastroenterology
Cell Biology

Background:

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is elevated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may influence T-cell mediated inflammation and epithelial cell survival.
Previous studies suggest IL-15 neutralization could treat autoimmune inflammation, but it also exhibits anti-apoptotic effects in other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dual role of IL-15 in experimental colitis models, examining its pro-inflammatory and cytoprotective functions.
To determine the effect of IL-15 blockade on intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) apoptosis and overall disease severity in vivo and in vitro.

Main Methods:

Utilized two experimental colitis models: chronic dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and T-cell dependent SCID transfer colitis.
Assessed epithelial damage, apoptosis (TUNEL staining), and cytokine production (IL-6, TNF, IFN-gamma) in vivo.
Investigated IL-15's effect on apoptosis in SW-480 intestinal epithelial cells induced by CH11 antibody in vitro, measuring caspase-3 activity.

Main Results:

IL-15 blockade aggravated DSS-induced colitis, increasing epithelial damage (2.1-fold) and apoptosis, alongside elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines.
In the SCID transfer model, IL-15 neutralization reduced inflammation and cytokine production but did not decrease epithelial damage.
In vitro, IL-15 pre-incubation significantly reduced CH11 antibody-induced apoptosis in IECs by up to 75% and decreased caspase-3 activity.

Conclusions:

Endogenous IL-15 in chronic colitis has a dual role: it contributes to inflammation but also protects intestinal epithelial cells from apoptosis, mitigating mucosal damage.
Targeting IL-15 in IBD requires careful consideration of its protective effects on the intestinal epithelium.
Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and therapeutic implications of IL-15 modulation in IBD.