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Changes in health-related quality of life following percutaneous coronary intervention: a longitudinal study
1Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulum, Hong Kong.
Insights
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Hong Kong Chinese patients one month post-procedure. However, these benefits diminished by three months, indicating a need for ongoing nursing support.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) significantly impacts mortality and morbidity in developed nations.
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common treatment for CAD, necessitating an understanding of its effect on patient well-being.
- Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) before and after PCI is crucial for effective disease management and patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate changes in HRQoL among Hong Kong Chinese patients undergoing PCI.
- To compare HRQoL from the pre-PCI baseline to three months post-PCI.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal, one-group observational study design was employed.
- Data were collected from 78 eligible patients undergoing non-emergency PCI at a regional public hospital in Hong Kong.
- Health-related quality of life was measured using the SF-36 and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-PCI.
Main Results:
- Sixty-five patients completed the study.
- Significant improvements in most SF-36 and SAQ domains were observed at one month post-PCI.
- While SF-36 scores generally improved at three months compared to baseline, the SAQ angina stability score decreased, and not all domain improvements were sustained.
Conclusions:
- PCI offers short-term benefits to patient HRQoL.
- The positive effects of PCI on HRQoL are not fully sustained at three months.
- Post-PCI nursing interventions are essential to maintain and enhance long-term HRQoL, requiring immediate implementation after the procedure.
Background:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. The percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a frequently used treatment for CAD. In order to manage the disease more effectively and to promote the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of these patients, understanding the current status of HRQoL before and after PCI procedure is essential.
Objectives:
This study was to examine the changes of HRQoL from before PCI to the first 3 months after PCI on Hong Kong Chinese.
Design:
A longitudinal, one-group observational design was used.
Setting:
Data collected from cardiac patients admitted into a regional public hospital at Hong Kong Island for PCI.
Participants:
Between August 2003 and February 2004, all patients admitted for non-emergency PCI at the study site and met the inclusion criteria were invited to take part in the study. Seventy-eight out of 85 eligible patients agreed to participate. However, 13 patients dropped out during data collection period.
Methods:
HRQoL data using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form 36 (SF-36) and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were collected before PCI, 1 and 3 months after PCI.
Results:
Sixty-five patents completed the study. All domains in SF-36 and SAQ improved at 1 month but the improvements did not continue in all domains at 3 months. The HRQoL measured by SF-36 improved significantly over time (p<0.05) for six out of the eight domains. Scores of all domains of SF-36 improved at 3 months when compared with baseline. Moreover, all five domains of SAQ changed significantly over time (p<0.05); however, the score of angina stability at the third month was lower than that at baseline.
Conclusions:
The results of this study quantify the benefits of PCI procedure on HRQoL of patients. Although PCI improved the HRQoL 1 month after PCI, the effect did not last long. Nursing interventions are needed to maintain and further enhance the HRQoL of these patients and the interventions should be introduced immediately post-PCI.
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