Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Pulmonary tuberculosis in infants: radiographic and CT findings

Woo Sun Kim1, Joon-Il Choi, Jung-Eun Cheon

  • 1Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.

AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
|September 21, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Accurate diagnosis of infant tuberculosis is crucial. Key findings include lymphadenopathy, consolidations, and nodules, with CT scans proving superior to radiography for diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) complications are common in infants, necessitating accurate diagnostic methods.
  • Radiographic and CT imaging are vital for diagnosing pulmonary TB in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the radiographic and CT imaging findings of pulmonary tuberculosis specifically in infants.
  • To identify characteristic radiologic features frequently observed in infants diagnosed with pulmonary TB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of radiologic findings (chest radiography and CT scans) in infants diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis.
  • Correlation of imaging findings with clinical data to identify common patterns.

Main Results:

  • Common findings include mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy with central necrosis.
  • Air-space consolidations, particularly mass-like consolidations with low-attenuation areas or cavities, are frequently observed.
  • Disseminated pulmonary nodules and airway complications are also prevalent in infants with TB.

Conclusions:

  • Mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy and consolidations (especially mass-like with necrosis/cavities) are frequent radiologic signs of infant pulmonary TB.
  • CT imaging offers superior visualization of parenchymal lesions and lymphadenopathy compared to chest radiography in infants.
  • CT is particularly valuable when chest X-rays are inconclusive or when TB complications are suspected.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Imaging Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mice with Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence10:06

Imaging Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mice with Reporter Enzyme Fluorescence

Published on: February 26, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...