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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
07:25

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer

Published on: March 6, 2018

Hormone-refractory prostate cancer: new horizons

Daniel P Petrylak

    Reviews in Urology
    |September 21, 2006
    PubMed

    Insights

    Researchers reviewed mechanisms of androgen-independent prostate cancer growth and new therapies. Potential treatments include astrasentan, PS-341, epothilone B, and exisulind for hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Urology
    • Cancer Biology

    Background:

    • Androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) poses a significant therapeutic challenge.
    • Understanding mechanisms of hormone resistance is crucial for developing effective treatments.
    • Current treatments for hormone-refractory prostate cancer have limitations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review mechanisms underlying androgen-independent prostate cancer growth.
    • To discuss novel therapeutic strategies for managing hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
    • To highlight the progression of promising agents from early-phase trials.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance.
    • Discussion of three proposed mechanisms for hormone resistance: changes in androgen receptor expression, structure, and function.
    • Overview of emerging therapeutic agents including astrasentan, PS-341, epothilone B, and exisulind.

    Main Results:

    • Identified key mechanisms contributing to hormone resistance in prostate cancer.
    • Detailed the therapeutic potential of novel agents targeting specific pathways.
    • Emphasized the transition of these agents into comparative clinical trials.

    Conclusions:

    • Multiple mechanisms contribute to the development of androgen-independent prostate cancer.
    • Novel therapeutic agents show promise in preclinical and early clinical studies.
    • Further clinical evaluation is warranted to establish the efficacy of these treatments against the standard of care for hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

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