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Related Experiment Videos

The possible benefits of difficulty: how stress can increase and decrease subjective well-being.

Elin Karlsen1, Ragnhild Dybdahl, Joar Vittersø

  • 1Center for Children and Adolescents, Arendal, Norway.

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology
|September 22, 2006
PubMed
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Stress can impact subjective well-being both positively and negatively. How individuals cope and find growth after adversity determines the outcome, influencing overall well-being.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Well-being Research

Background:

  • Cognitive stress theory suggests that the meaning attributed to stressful experiences influences their impact.
  • Understanding the interplay between stress, coping mechanisms, and subjective well-being is crucial for mental health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the multifaceted effects of stress and trauma on subjective well-being.
  • To examine the mediating roles of coping strategies (problem-focused vs. avoidant) and growth orientation in the stress-well-being relationship.
  • To test the hypothesis that adversity can lead to both increased and decreased well-being.

Main Methods:

  • Survey data collected from 142 Norwegian UN/NATO veterans.
  • Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the complex relationships between variables.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Zero-order correlations were calculated to assess initial associations between stress and well-being.

    • Main Results:

    • Initial negative correlation found between stress and subjective well-being (r=-0.20, p < 0.05).
    • Structural equation model revealed stress effects were fully mediated.
    • Positive mediation occurred through problem-focused coping and a growth component; negative mediation through avoidant coping and distress.
    • Confirmed that stress can lead to both enhanced and diminished subjective well-being.

    Conclusions:

    • The impact of stress on subjective well-being is not direct but is fully mediated by cognitive and coping processes.
    • Problem-focused coping and a growth orientation can buffer the negative effects of stress, potentially enhancing well-being.
    • Avoidant coping and distress can exacerbate the negative impact of stress, leading to decreased well-being.