Clinical testing of cellular phone ringing interference with automated external defibrillators

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Electrophysiology
• Medical Device Safety

Background:

• Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are critical for treating cardiac arrest.
• The increasing prevalence of mobile devices necessitates evaluating their potential interference with medical equipment.
• Understanding potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the interference potential of cellular phone ringing on AED function.
• To assess if cellular phone calls disrupt AED analysis and defibrillation capabilities.

Main Methods:

• Tested two cellular phone systems: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and Personal Communication Services (PCS).
• Evaluated three AED models (LifePak 20, LifePak 20 P, HeartStart XL) with their respective electrodes.
• Placed cellular phones in three positions relative to the AED during simulated calls and ECG monitoring.

Main Results:

• No analysis dysfunction was observed in AEDs during unshockable rhythms when exposed to cellular phone calls.
• The primary interference noted was transient speaker noise from the AED, occurring before audible ringing.
• This noise interference was preventable when the cellular phone was positioned at least 15 cm away from the AED.

Conclusions:

• Cellular phone calls do not appear to cause significant functional interference with AED analysis during unshockable rhythms.
• The observed speaker noise is a minor, transient issue that can be mitigated by maintaining a safe distance.
• Clinical use of AEDs alongside cellular phones is likely safe, with minimal risk of critical malfunction.