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Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
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The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities
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Published on: February 20, 2021

Some developments in neutron and charged particle dosimetry.

Adrie J J Bos1, Francesco d'Errico

  • 1Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands. a.j.j.bos@tudelft.nl

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|September 22, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Accurate dosimetry for neutrons and charged particles is crucial due to rising exposure levels and regulatory needs. Developments in passive dosimetry, like luminescent detectors, and active microdosimetry with tissue equivalent proportional counters (TEPCs) are improving measurements.

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Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

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Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Radiation Dosimetry
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Increasing occupational exposure to neutrons and charged particles in the nuclear industry necessitates improved dosimetry.
  • Regulatory requirements, such as the European Council directive 96/29, mandate dosimetric precautions for effective doses exceeding 1 mSv/year.
  • Growing applications of charged particles in radiotherapy and existing limitations in neutron and charged particle dosimetry highlight the need for advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight recent developments in neutron and charged particle dosimetry.
  • To focus on advancements in passive dosimetry techniques, specifically luminescent detectors.
  • To introduce new developments in active microdosimetry, particularly tissue equivalent proportional counters (TEPCs).

Main Methods:

  • Review of passive dosimetry developments, focusing on thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) detectors.
  • Discussion of new developments in microdosimetric measurements using tissue equivalent proportional counters (TEPCs).
  • Comparative analysis of detector capabilities for various radiation types (neutrons, charged particles, gamma rays).

Main Results:

  • Passive dosimetry, particularly using luminescent detectors, remains an active area of research and development.
  • Tissue equivalent proportional counters (TEPCs) show unique capabilities for simultaneous dose and dose equivalent determination for multiple radiation types.
  • Ongoing research indicates a promising future for improved neutron and charged particle dosimetry.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress is being made in passive dosimetry, offering improved solutions for neutron and charged particle monitoring.
  • Tissue equivalent proportional counters (TEPCs) represent a key advancement in active dosimetry, enabling comprehensive radiation characterization.
  • Continued research and development in these areas are essential to meet the growing demands for accurate radiation dosimetry.