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Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

Translational inhibition and increased interferon induction in cells infected with C protein-deficient measles virus

Yuichiro Nakatsu1, Makoto Takeda, Shinji Ohno

  • 1Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.

Journal of Virology
|September 22, 2006
PubMed

Insights

The measles virus C protein is crucial for viral growth by suppressing the host

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The measles virus (MV) P gene encodes multiple proteins, including the C protein, through RNA editing and alternative translation initiation.
  • The precise role of the MV C protein in viral infection and host interactions remains largely undetermined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the function of the measles virus C protein in viral replication and host immune response modulation.
  • To investigate the impact of C protein deficiency on viral translation, genome replication, and interferon induction.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of a recombinant MV lacking the C protein (MVΔC).
  • Assessment of MVΔC growth, viral translation, and genome replication in human cell lines with intact interferon pathways.
  • Analysis of host antiviral responses, including interferon induction and protein kinase activation.
  • Complementation studies using the NS1 protein of influenza virus.

Main Results:

  • MVΔC exhibited poor growth in human cells, linked to reduced viral translation and genome replication.
  • Translational inhibition in MVΔC-infected cells correlated with phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha.
  • Cells infected with MVΔC showed increased interferon induction.
  • The influenza virus NS1 protein could complement the growth defect of MVΔC, indicating a role in inhibiting interferon.

Conclusions:

  • The measles virus C protein plays a critical role in inhibiting host interferon induction.
  • By modulating host antiviral responses, the MV C protein facilitates efficient viral replication and propagation.

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