Engineering cells for cell culture bioprocessing--physiological fundamentals

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Cellular Engineering
• Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing

Background:

• Mammalian cell-derived therapeutic proteins have significantly increased in clinical applications over the last decade.
• Process efficiency enhancements through cell engineering are crucial for making life-saving biologics widely available.
• Developing metabolically engineered cells with favorable characteristics is vital for large-scale bioprocessing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To discuss the fundamental physiological basis for engineering mammalian cells for enhanced bioprocessing.
• To survey current efforts in engineering cells for robust bioprocesses.
• To emphasize the role of physiological homeostasis in cell engineering.

Main Methods:

• Reviewing fundamental cellular mechanisms such as metabolism, protein processing, and cell growth/apoptosis pathways.
• Assessing the state of the art in cell engineering for bioprocessing.
• Analyzing the concept of physiological homeostasis and its implications.

Main Results:

• Cellular physiology, encompassing metabolism, protein processing, and growth/apoptosis balance, dictates favorable growth and production traits.
• Current cell engineering efforts focus on optimizing these physiological aspects for improved bioprocesses.
• Physiological homeostasis is a critical determinant for achieving desired cell characteristics.

Conclusions:

• Integrating a physiological perspective with cell culture engineering is essential for developing 'dream cells'.
• Optimized cell engineering strategies can lead to superior characteristics for robust and efficient bioproduction.
• Further advancements in understanding and manipulating cellular physiology will drive the future of biopharmaceutical manufacturing.