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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

alpha-Defensin: link between inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Hisham Nassar1, Ehud Lavi, Sa'ed Akkawi

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, IL 91120, Israel.

Atherosclerosis
|September 23, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Alpha-defensins, found in atherosclerotic arteries, are strong predictors of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in men. This finding links neutrophil activation to atherosclerosis progression, offering a new risk assessment approach.

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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
15:15

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas

Published on: July 1, 2011

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
15:15

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas

Published on: July 1, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Inflammation markers predict thrombotic cardiovascular events in atherosclerosis patients.
  • The role of vascular inflammation in atherothrombotic disease is not fully understood.
  • Human neutrophil peptides 1-3 (alpha-defensins) are present in atherosclerotic arteries and affect LDL metabolism and fibrinolysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if alpha-defensins are risk factors for the presence and severity of atherosclerosis.
  • To determine the correlation between alpha-defensin deposition in skin and coronary artery disease (CAD) severity.

Main Methods:

  • Alpha-defensin levels were measured in skin biopsies from 53 male patients undergoing coronary artery catheterization.
  • Established cardiovascular risk factors were concurrently measured.
  • Correlation and regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between skin alpha-defensin and CAD severity.

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was found between skin alpha-defensin levels and CAD severity (R=0.40, p=0.003).
  • Skin alpha-defensin independently predicted CAD severity in multiple regression analysis (F=4.68, p=0.035).
  • Logistic regression confirmed skin alpha-defensin as an independent predictor of CAD likelihood (p=0.016, odds ratio 5.97).

Conclusions:

  • Skin alpha-defensin deposition is a significant independent predictor of CAD in men.
  • These findings suggest a connection between neutrophil activation and atherosclerosis progression.
  • Alpha-defensin measurement may offer a novel method for assessing CAD risk factors.