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Related Experiment Videos

Lipooligosaccharide epitopes shared among gram-negative non-enteric mucosal pathogens.

A A Campagnari1, S M Spinola, A J Lesse

  • 1Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo 14215.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Conserved lipooligosaccharide (LOS) epitopes exist among diverse Gram-negative pathogens. These findings reveal shared molecular structures and varied genetic pathways for LOS assembly in bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Non-enteric Gram-negative human pathogens, including *Haemophilus influenzae*, *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*, and *Moraxella catarrhalis*, share similar lipooligosaccharide (LOS) structures lacking repeating O-antigens.
  • Understanding the conservation of LOS oligosaccharide epitopes is crucial for developing broad-spectrum diagnostics and therapeutics against these pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conservation of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) oligosaccharide epitopes among various non-enteric Gram-negative human pathogens.
  • To characterize the cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting LOS epitopes across different bacterial species and genera.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and characterization of 21 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against *H. influenzae*, *N. gonorrhoeae*, and *N. meningitidis*.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of mAb cross-reactivity against LOS from various bacterial strains, including different genera and species.
  • Analysis of LOS band molecular weights and hybridization of a lipooligosaccharide synthesis gene fragment to bacterial DNA.

    • Main Results:

    • Five mAbs were strain-specific to non-typable *H. influenzae*.
    • Ten mAbs recognized LOS epitopes common to a genus or species, and six mAbs bound to epitopes shared across different genera.
    • Specific mAbs, like 3F11 (mimicking blood-group antigen) and 3D9 (recognizing KDO), demonstrated cross-reactivity with LOS from multiple pathogens, sometimes with varying molecular weights.

    Conclusions:

    • Conserved lipooligosaccharide (LOS) epitopes are present among diverse non-enteric Gram-negative human pathogens.
    • Different genetic mechanisms may underlie the assembly of these conserved LOS epitopes in various bacterial species.
    • These conserved epitopes represent potential targets for broader diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against related bacterial infections.