Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2026
Reconstruct Human Retinoblastoma In Vitro
Published on: October 11, 2022
The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success
Carol L Shields1, Arman Mashayekhi, Angela K Au
1Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
Purpose:
To evaluate the reliability of the International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) for predicting treatment success with chemoreduction (CRD).
Design:
Noncomparative interventional case series.
Participants:
Two hundred forty-nine consecutive eyes.
Methods:
All eyes were treated with CRD and were classified according to the ICRB: group A included those eyes with retinoblastoma 3 mm, macular location, or minor subretinal fluid; group C included those eyes with retinoblastoma with localized seeds; group D included those eyes with retinoblastoma with diffuse seeds; group E included those eyes with massive retinoblastoma necessitating enucleation. The CRD regimen included vincristine, etoposide, and carboplatin for 6 cycles plus local consolidation with thermotherapy or cryotherapy.
Main Outcome Measure:
Chemoreduction success, defined as avoidance of external beam radiotherapy or enucleation.
Results:
Of the 249 eyes, 23 (9%) were in group A, 96 (39%) were in group B, 21 (8%) were in group C, and 109 (44%) were in group D. In this series, group E eyes were managed with enucleation. Treatment success was achieved in 100% of group A, 93% of group B, 90% of group C, and 47% of group D eyes.
Conclusions:
The ICRB can be of assistance in predicting CRD success for retinoblastoma. Additional treatment methods are necessary to salvage more group D eyes.
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