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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
Published on: February 8, 2022
Nikolay V Vasilyev1, Joseph F Martinez, Franz P Freudenthal
1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Combining real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) with videocardioscopy enables successful closure of atrial septal defects (ASDs). This enhanced imaging approach provides detailed visualization, improving the safety of minimally invasive cardiac procedures.
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