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Related Concept Videos

Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
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Transgenic Organisms

Overview
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
Transposons01:24

Transposons

Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...

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VIGS-Mediated Forward Genetics Screening for Identification of Genes Involved in Nonhost Resistance
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Published on: August 23, 2013

Virus-derived genes for insect-resistant transgenic plants.

Sijun Liu1, Huarong Li, S Sivakumar

  • 1Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.

Advances in Virus Research
|September 26, 2006
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Summary

Insect viruses offer genes to overcome host barriers, aiding in pest management and developing insect-resistant transgenic plants. These viral genes disrupt insect physiology for targeted control strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • * Entomology
  • * Molecular Biology
  • * Plant Biotechnology

Background:

  • * Lepidopteran insects possess physiological barriers like the peritrophic membrane (PM) and basement membrane (BM) that impede viral infection.
  • * Insect viruses have evolved mechanisms to circumvent these host defenses, providing valuable genetic resources.
  • * Understanding these viral strategies is crucial for developing novel pest control methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore baculovirus- and entomopoxvirus-derived genes that modify insect host physiology.
  • * To review the application of these viral genes in creating insect-resistant transgenic plants.
  • * To discuss the potential of other viral genes and plant lectins for insect pest management.

Main Methods:

  • * Analysis of viral genes that target insect physiological barriers (PM, BM).
  • * Examination of transgenic plant strategies employing viral genes for insect resistance.
  • * Investigation of plant lectin-mediated delivery systems for insecticidal agents.

Main Results:

  • * Viral genes can be utilized to engineer insect-resistant transgenic plants by overcoming gut barriers.
  • * Intrahemocoelic effectors, like BM-degrading proteases, require specific delivery systems for efficacy.
  • * Plant lectins offer a potential delivery mechanism for toxins into insect hemocoel.

Conclusions:

  • * Insect viruses provide a rich source of genes for developing effective insect resistance in plants.
  • * Viral gene applications in transgenic plants can enhance crop protection against lepidopteran pests.
  • * Further research into viral effector functions and delivery systems can advance integrated pest management.