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NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

High-Temperature and High-Pressure In situ Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

High-Temperature and High-Pressure In situ Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: October 9, 2020

Single-sided mobile NMR with a Halbach magnet.

Wei-Hao Chang¹, Jyh-Horng Chen, Lian-Pin Hwang

¹Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

|September 26, 2006

Summary

A novel, lightweight mobile Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) device was developed for material analysis. This compact apparatus demonstrates high sensitivity for detecting material properties and damage, even in a single measurement.

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

High-Temperature and High-Pressure In situ Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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Published on: October 9, 2020

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Analytical Chemistry
Physics

Background:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a powerful analytical technique.
Traditional NMR instruments are often large, expensive, and immobile.
There is a need for portable and accessible NMR solutions for in-situ material characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a novel single-sided mobile NMR apparatus.
To evaluate the instrument's sensitivity, profiling capabilities, and effectiveness in material analysis.
To demonstrate the application of the mobile NMR device for material differentiation and damage assessment.

Main Methods:

Construction of a single-sided mobile NMR apparatus utilizing a small Halbach magnet.
Characterization of the static magnetic flux density (B0) profile.
Assessment of depth sensitivity and one-dimensional profiling effectiveness.
Measurement of T2 relaxation times and NMR spin echo signal amplitude.

Main Results:

The developed NMR apparatus is lightweight (2 kg) and compact, achieving good sensitivity.
Detection of NMR signals from a pencil eraser block in a single shot.
Demonstrated ability to differentiate soft materials and evaluate material damage using T2 relaxation data.
Observed moisture absorbance through changes in NMR spin echo amplitude.

Conclusions:

The single-sided mobile NMR apparatus represents a significant advancement in portable analytical instrumentation.
The device offers a practical and sensitive tool for non-destructive material characterization and damage assessment.
This technology has potential applications in various fields requiring on-site material analysis.