Coupling between cerebellar hemispheres: behavioural, anatomic, and functional data

Although the cerebellum has been related to emotional, cognitive, and sensory processes, its outstanding significance for motor behaviour has attracted a vast variety of studies. Specifically, the role of cerebellar activity for appropriate movement timing has been investigated intensively. Behavioural studies, particularly of patients following cerebellar lesions, gave rise to the hypothesis that each hand is controlled by separate timing mechanisms most likely localized within lateral portions of each cerebellar hemisphere. Reduced timing variability during simultaneous bimanual tasks implies that both timing signals are integrated prior to movement execution, probably by information transfer between both cerebellar hemispheres. However, this raises the question for functional and anatomic fundamentals of such an integration process. The present article reviews behavioural, functional, and anatomic data to shed light on possible interactions between both cerebellar hemispheres during the execution of timed motor behaviour.