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The angiotensin converting enzyme I/D polymorphism in long distance runners
H Hruskovicová1, D Dzurenková, M Selingerová
1Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia. helena@pobox.sk
The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
|September 26, 2006
Summary
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism is linked to enhanced endurance performance. Elite marathon runners and inline skaters show a higher incidence of the ACE I/I genotype, suggesting a genetic predisposition for endurance sports.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Human Genetics
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism is a candidate genetic marker for athletic performance.
- Previous research suggests an increased frequency of the ACE 'I' allele in elite endurance athletes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and enhanced endurance performance.
- To test the hypothesis that ACE genotype influences success in endurance sports.
Main Methods:
- Genotyping for the ACE I/D polymorphism was performed on marathon runners, half-marathon runners, and inline skaters.
- Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between athletes and a control group of 252 healthy individuals.
Main Results:
- A significantly higher incidence of the ACE I/I genotype was observed in top-ranked marathon runners (1st-150th place) and elite inline skaters.
- No significant association was found between ACE genotype and performance in half-marathon runners.
- Overall ACE genotype frequencies did not differ between the entire athlete cohort and sedentary controls.
Conclusions:
- The findings support a link between the ACE I/D polymorphism and superior endurance capacity.
- An excess of the ACE 'I' allele is associated with elite performance in long-distance running and skating.
- The ACE I/D polymorphism may be a genetic factor contributing to success in endurance sports.
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