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Related Concept Videos

Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
Overview of the Vascular System01:20

Overview of the Vascular System

The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Development of the Heart01:27

Development of the Heart

The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart tube by...
Structure of Blood Vessels01:15

Structure of Blood Vessels

Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Endothelial Cell Tube Formation Assay for the In Vitro Study of Angiogenesis
08:12

Endothelial Cell Tube Formation Assay for the In Vitro Study of Angiogenesis

Published on: September 1, 2014

Development of the endothelium.

A M Suburo1, P A D'Amore

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, B1629AHJ Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|September 27, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Recent advances have significantly improved our understanding of vascular development regulation. Key discoveries include stem cells, growth factors, and signaling pathways, advancing knowledge of blood vessel formation mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Vascular development knowledge was historically based on descriptive studies.
  • Recent decades have seen a significant expansion in understanding.
  • Mechanisms of vascular system development were poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the recent explosion of knowledge in vascular development.
  • To highlight key discoveries driving this advancement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Identification of key molecular and cellular players.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways involved in vascular growth.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key stem cells and lineage markers.

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Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood
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Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood

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Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells
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Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells

Published on: June 17, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Endothelial Cell Tube Formation Assay for the In Vitro Study of Angiogenesis
08:12

Endothelial Cell Tube Formation Assay for the In Vitro Study of Angiogenesis

Published on: September 1, 2014

Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood
11:00

Generation and Culture of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells from Human Peripheral Blood

Published on: December 23, 2015

Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells
08:56

Isolation of Murine Embryonic Hemogenic Endothelial Cells

Published on: June 17, 2016

  • Characterization of specific growth factors and their receptors.
  • Elucidation of critical signaling pathways regulating vascularization.

    • Conclusions:

    • The field has rapidly advanced due to molecular and cellular discoveries.
    • Detailed mechanisms governing vascular development are now better understood.
    • This knowledge provides a foundation for future research in angiogenesis and related fields.