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Pathologic and physiologic function in the subcortical band of double cortex.

R S Briellmann1, T Little, A S Harvey

  • 1Brain Research Institute, Neurosciences Building, Austin Health, Heidelberg Heights, Victoria 3081, Australia.

Neurology
|September 27, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Double cortex, a neuronal migration disorder, shows subcortical band involvement in language processing and deactivation during seizures. This highlights the role of these neurons in both normal and abnormal brain functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Neuronal Migration Disorders

Background:

  • Double cortex is a rare neuronal migration disorder characterized by a subcortical band of neurons.
  • It is often associated with cognitive impairments and epilepsy.
  • The precise functional role of the subcortical neuronal band in affected individuals remains unclear.

Observation:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to investigate the subcortical band's role.
  • The study assessed language function and interictal discharges in two female patients with double cortex.
  • Brain activity was monitored during language tasks and in the resting state between seizures.

Findings:

  • Language-associated brain activation was observed not only in typical cortical regions but also within portions of the subcortical band.
  • Interictal discharges, indicative of seizure activity, were associated with a deactivation (reduced activity) in the subcortical band.
  • This pattern suggests a dual role for the subcortical neurons.

Implications:

  • The findings suggest that the subcortical neuronal band in double cortex participates in cognitive functions, specifically language processing.
  • The observed deactivation during interictal discharges indicates involvement in pathological processes related to epilepsy.
  • This research underscores the complex role of aberrant neuronal organization in both physiological and pathological brain states.