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Related Experiment Videos

Which children should we patch test?

P E Beattie1, C Green, G Lowe

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow, UK. paula_e_beattie@hotmail.com

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
|September 29, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in children is rising, with nickel and rubber allergies being most common. Increased patch testing is recommended for children with dermatitis, especially on eyelids or hands.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Contact Dermatitis

Background:

  • Childhood allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was once rare but is now increasingly reported.
  • This rise may be due to increased allergen exposure and more frequent patch testing in children.
  • Changes in children's environmental exposures likely contribute to the growing incidence of ACD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common contact allergens in children with suspected allergy.
  • To determine the rate of positive patch-test reactions in pediatric patients.
  • To analyze allergen prevalence based on dermatitis presentation and location.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case study of 114 children aged 3–15 years undergoing patch testing over three years.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Patch testing included standard series, medicament series, and specific series for corticosteroids, shoes, fragrances, cosmetics, and rubber.
  • Indications for testing included uncontrolled atopic dermatitis, localized dermatitis, or known allergen reactions.

    • Main Results:

    • 54% of children showed relevant positive patch-test reactions.
    • Nickel was the most frequent allergen (20%), followed by rubber chemicals (10%) and fragrance (7.2%).
    • Higher positive reaction rates were observed in children with eyelid (86%) and hand (71%) dermatitis.

    Conclusions:

    • The incidence of childhood ACD, particularly nickel and rubber allergies, is increasing, possibly due to evolving fashions and hobbies.
    • Contact allergy should be considered in all children presenting with dermatitis.
    • Increased frequency of patch testing is advised for pediatric patients with suspected contact allergy, especially those with eyelid or hand dermatitis.