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[The lymphatic malformations: clinical aspects and evolution].

B Salazard1, J Londner, D Casanova

  • 1Unité de chirurgie plastique pédiatrique, hôpital Timone-Enfants, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France. bruno.salazard@wanadoofr

Annales De Chirurgie Plastique Et Esthetique
|September 30, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Lymphatic malformations (LM) are common vascular anomalies. This overview details extratruncal (ETLM), truncal (TLM), and hemolymphatic types, their clinical variability, and potential complications.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Malformations
  • Lymphatic Development
  • Pediatric Anomalies

Context:

  • Lymphatic malformations (LM) represent the most prevalent vascular anomalies.
  • Three primary types include truncal (TLM), extratruncal (ETLM), and hemolymphatic anomalies.
  • ETLM are frequently diagnosed in infancy, often before age two, with diverse clinical presentations.

Purpose:

  • To classify and describe the different types of lymphatic malformations.
  • To outline the typical locations, age of diagnosis, and clinical variability of ETLM.
  • To detail the progression, complications, and associated syndromes of LMs.

Summary:

  • Extratruncal LMs (ETLM) are common, often appearing in the neck or axilla, and present variably as superficial or deep cysts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Truncal LMs (TLM) typically affect lower limbs, potentially causing neonatal lymphedema, and hemolymphatic anomalies combine LM with other vascular defects.
  • LMs generally enlarge with age, do not spontaneously regress, and can lead to severe complications like hemorrhage, infection, or hypertrophy.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding LM subtypes aids in accurate diagnosis and management planning.
    • Recognizing potential complications is crucial for effective patient care.
    • This classification provides a framework for research into the etiology and treatment of lymphatic malformations.