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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Induction and Assessment of Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease
Published on: October 14, 2021
Rotigotine for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
1Movement Disorders Program, Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia,1429 Harper Street, HF-1121 Augusta, GA 30912, USA. jmorgan@mcg.edu
Abstract:
Dopaminergic therapies, including levodopa and dopamine agonists, are the mainstays of therapy in Parkinson's disease. With the exception of the injectable short-acting dopamine agonist apomorphine, there is no other widely available non-oral dopaminergic therapy. Rotigotine is a lipid-soluble, non-ergot, D3, D2, D1 dopamine receptor agonist that has demonstrated efficacy as an alternative therapeutic option in both early and advanced Parkinson's disease. More importantly, it is uniquely formulated as a transdermal patch delivery system allowing for continuous, once-daily administration and better patient compliance. Preclinical and clinical trials have shown rotigotine to be a well-tolerated and effective treatment for early-stage Parkinson's disease. Rotigotine has also shown promise as adjunctive therapy with levodopa for the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease.
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