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Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay: Target genes and functional diversification of effectors

Jan Rehwinkel1, Jeroen Raes, Elisa Izaurralde

  • 1EMBL, Meyerhofstrasse 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|October 3, 2006
PubMed

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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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