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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Membrane Proteins01:16

Introduction to Membrane Proteins

The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell types have...
Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels01:09

Multi-pass Transmembrane Proteins and β-barrels

In multi-pass transmembrane proteins, the polypeptide chain crosses the membrane more than once. The transmembrane polypeptide chain either forms an α-helix or β-strand structure. α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins are ubiquitous, whereas β-strand containing ones are mainly found in gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
α-Helix containing multi-pass transmembrane proteins
Multi-pass transmembrane proteins such as G-protein-linked receptors (GPCRs) and...
Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins01:25

Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins

Integral membrane proteins are tightly associated with the cell membrane and play a crucial role in cell communication, signaling, adhesion, and transport of the molecules. Some integral membrane proteins are present only in the membrane monolayer. For example, the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase is present in the cytoplasmic side of the membrane monolayer. In contrast, another type of integral membrane protein, also known as a transmembrane protein, spans across the membrane. Transmembrane...
Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER01:26

Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER

Integral membrane proteins are proteins adhered to the lipid bilayer of a cell organelle or membrane. They can be of two types: transmembrane integral proteins that span the lipid bilayer and monotopic proteins that are attached to either side of the membrane but do not pass through it.
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis
07:31

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis

Published on: July 16, 2020

Structural genomics for membrane proteins.

K Lundstrom1

  • 1BioXtal, Chemin des Croisettes 22, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland. lundstrom@flamel.com

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|October 3, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Structure-based drug discovery accelerates development. New technologies focus on determining membrane protein structures, crucial for drug development, despite past challenges in structural determination.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Structure-based drug discovery enhances and accelerates the drug development pipeline.
  • Structural genomics enables parallel study of numerous targets, including whole genomes.
  • Membrane proteins constitute a significant portion (up to 70%) of current drug targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of membrane proteins in drug discovery.
  • To discuss the challenges and progress in determining membrane protein structures.
  • To review the role of structural genomics initiatives in advancing membrane protein structural biology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on structure-based drug discovery.
  • Analysis of the application of structural genomics to protein families and genomes.

More Related Videos

Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Determining Membrane Protein Topology Using Fluorescence Protease Protection (FPP)
08:14

Determining Membrane Protein Topology Using Fluorescence Protease Protection (FPP)

Published on: April 20, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis
07:31

Native Cell Membrane Nanoparticles System for Membrane Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis

Published on: July 16, 2020

Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy
10:49

Method to Visualize and Analyze Membrane Interacting Proteins by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: March 5, 2017

Determining Membrane Protein Topology Using Fluorescence Protease Protection (FPP)
08:14

Determining Membrane Protein Topology Using Fluorescence Protease Protection (FPP)

Published on: April 20, 2015

  • Examination of technologies and methods developed for membrane protein structure determination.

    • Main Results:

    • Structure-based approaches have proven effective in drug development.
    • Despite their importance, the structural determination of membrane proteins lags behind soluble proteins.
    • Several structural genomics initiatives are actively focused on membrane protein structural biology.

    Conclusions:

    • Advancements in technology are crucial for overcoming challenges in membrane protein structure determination.
    • Increased focus on membrane protein structural biology is vital for future drug discovery efforts.
    • Structural genomics plays a key role in elucidating the structures of these important drug targets.