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Related Concept Videos

Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
False Memories01:18

False Memories

False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information with...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...
Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

The many faces of amnesia.

Paul E Gold1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA. pgold@uiuc.edu

Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)
|October 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Memory consolidation research is challenged by inconsistent findings. New perspectives suggest memory is continually shaped by experiences, highlighting the role of memory modulation over fixed consolidation timelines.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Retrograde amnesia studies traditionally inform memory consolidation theories.
  • Amnesia gradients and protein synthesis inhibitor effects are used to estimate memory processing durations.
  • Existing data show significant variability in memory consolidation time courses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the interpretation of retrograde amnesia gradients and amnestic treatments.
  • To explore alternative models of memory formation beyond fixed consolidation periods.
  • To investigate the role of memory modulation by hormones and neurotransmitters.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing retrograde amnesia and long-term potentiation experimental data.
  • Review of evidence on protein synthesis inhibitors and biochemical processes affecting memory.

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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury
05:51

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 15, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection
11:30

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotional Autobiographical Recollection

Published on: August 26, 2011

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury
05:51

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 15, 2016

  • Conceptual re-framing of memory consolidation and reconsolidation studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Time courses from amnesia experiments are highly variable, challenging their use for basic temporal property identification.
    • Evidence suggests biochemical processes impact memory modulators, not core formation mechanisms.
    • Memory is continually malleable, updated by new experiences and influencing future memories.

    Conclusions:

    • Memory consolidation timelines are inconsistent and likely not indicative of basic temporal properties.
    • Memory modulation by neurochemicals plays a crucial role in memory formation and updating.
    • Viewing memory as continually malleable ('remodulation') offers a more accurate framework than fixed consolidation.