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Current options in head and neck reconstruction.

Keith A Hurvitz1, Mark Kobayashi, Gregory R D Evans

  • 1Orange, Calif. From the Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery Institute, University of California Irvine Medical Center.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|October 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Free tissue transfer techniques have significantly advanced head and neck cancer reconstruction, offering improved functional and cosmetic outcomes for complex defects. These methods are now the preferred choice for sizable reconstructions.

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Head and neck reconstruction is complex, with significant progress in surgical outcomes and patient function over the last two decades.
  • Advancements in microvascular techniques have been pivotal in improving reconstructive surgery for head and neck defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current reconstructive options for head and neck defects, primarily those resulting from oncologic resection.
  • To categorize and discuss reconstructive strategies based on specific anatomical sites within the head and neck region.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of existing literature on head and neck reconstruction techniques.
  • Focus on oncologic resections as the primary cause of defects requiring reconstruction.

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  • Organization of the review by anatomical sub-sites for detailed discussion.

    • Main Results:

    • Free tissue transfer has transformed head and neck reconstruction, with fibula, radial forearm, anterolateral thigh, and rectus abdominis flaps being commonly used.
    • The primary goal of reconstruction is the restoration of both anatomical form and functional integrity.

    Conclusions:

    • Reconstruction of head and neck defects, while challenging, can achieve successful cosmetic and functional results using both local and free tissue flaps.
    • Free tissue transfer offers superior flexibility and is the predominant method for reconstructing large head and neck defects.