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Published on: June 21, 2024
Postoperative nausea and vomiting: prevention and therapy.
1Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. harter.28@osu.edu
New and existing medications offer expanded options for preventing and treating postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This review analyzes recent studies on drug efficacy in high-risk patients, aiming to improve PONV management.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology and Pharmacology
- Surgical Patient Care
Background:
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a significant concern for surgical patients.
- Despite advances, a notable incidence of PONV persists, especially in high-risk individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent pharmacological advancements in the prevention and treatment of PONV.
- To evaluate the impact of both novel and established drugs on PONV outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of recent clinical studies.
- Analysis of drug efficacy for PONV prophylaxis and treatment.
Main Results:
- The range of available antiemetic drugs has grown.
- Recent studies demonstrate varying impacts of different agents on PONV incidence.
Conclusions:
- Ongoing research continues to refine the armamentarium against PONV.
- Optimizing drug selection is crucial for managing PONV in all patient populations, particularly those at high risk.
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