Evidence for direct arrhythmogenic action of endothelin

We studied electrophysiological effects of endothelin on canine cardiac tissues. Endothelin prolonged action potential duration and decreased spontaneous firing rate of the right bundle branch cells. At a concentration of 2 x 10(-7)M the plateau phase of action potentials was flattened, followed by the abrupt occurrence of early afterdepolarizations (EADs). ET, at a concentration as low as 2 x 10(-9)M, was capable of inducing EADs although their incidence was low. The EADs were initiated from the membrane potential less negative than -30mV and were suppressed by nicardipine, suggesting the involvement of dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca2+ channels in the induction of EADs. Because EADs are considered to underlie certain types of arrhythmias endothelin per se may have arrhythmogenic action.