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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

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[Iron and performance in elite athletes]
Elisa Romagnoli1, Alessandro Cristani
1Unità Operativa Medicina 2, Dipartimento Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Ospedale Policlinico, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia.
Elite athletes with low iron stores, even without anemia, may experience reduced performance. This study examines exercise-induced iron loss, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
- Nutritional Science
Context:
- The link between anemia and decreased athletic performance is established.
- Debate exists regarding exercise-induced iron loss and its impact on athletes.
- The effects of low iron stores, distinct from anemia, on elite athletes are unclear.
Purpose:
- To analyze physiological changes associated with intense exercise.
- To explore diagnostic challenges in identifying iron deficiency in athletes.
- To review therapeutic supplementation strategies for iron management.
Summary:
- Investigates the physiological impact of strenuous exercise on iron status.
- Discusses the complexities of diagnosing iron deficiency in athletic populations.
- Evaluates the efficacy and rationale behind iron supplementation for performance enhancement.
Impact:
- Provides insights into the performance implications of sub-clinical iron deficiency in athletes.
- Informs clinical practice regarding iron assessment and management in elite sports.
- Contributes to the understanding of exercise physiology and nutritional strategies for athletes.
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