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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies
Published on: July 1, 2016
[Determination of trace lead in water samples and salt samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Yuan Zhang1, Wen-Hong Luo, Hui Li
1Shantou University Medical College, Central Laboratory, Shantou 515041, China.
Abstract:
A method was developed for the determination of trace lead in water samples and salt samples by GFAAS after cloud point extraction. The parameters of extraction system such as pH, the concentrations of the extractant and the surfactant, and the time for cloud point extraction were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of lead were 0.000 5 microg x g(-1) for salt, and 0.01 microg x L(-1) for water, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of lead in water samples and salt samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.
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